Multi-Stage Builds and Image Size
A common mistake is shipping a production image that still contains a full compiler toolchain, test dependencies and source files that were only needed to build the application. Multi-stage builds separate these concerns: one stage compiles or installs dependencies, and a final stage copies only the built artifact into a minimal runtime base image.
Smaller images pull faster during deployment, reduce the surface area for vulnerability scanners to flag, and make a container easier to reason about. We treat image size and content as something to review deliberately rather than accept whatever the default base image produces.
- Separate build and runtime stages in every Dockerfile
- Use minimal or distroless base images where the runtime allows it
- Run containers as a non-root user by default








